Eugen Libowitzky
| u:find | Funktion | u:cris | Phone +43-1-4277- |
Room | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ao. Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Eugen Libowitzky | (stellv. Institutsleiter) | u:cris |  |
532 50 | 2B375 |
Fields of scientific interest
Hydrogen and hydrous species in minerals
Crystal chemistry of trace hydrogen and hydrous species in minerals
IR spectroscopy of hydroxides and hydrates, but also nominally anhydrous minerals
Phase transitions related to proton order-disorder
Short hydrogen bonds in minerals and synthetic inorganic materials
Dynamics of hydrogen in vacancies of crystal structures
General mineralogy
Reflected light investigations of ore minerals, study of ore deposits
Surface influence and anomalous effects in mineral optics
Determination of new minerals - and discreditation of old ones
Micro-analytics of minerals (SEM, EDX)
REASONS FOR OPTICAL ANISOTROPY IN CUBIC ORE MINERALS
Since the beginning of this century ore microscopists were interested in the anomalous, optically anisotropic behavior of cubic ore minerals like pyrite, cuprite, and minerals of the spinel group. The unusual effect was attributed to the influence of tectonic stress, anomalous solid solutions series, incorporation of trace elements (As in pyrite, Zn in spinels), and influence of rough preparation methods.
During the study of approximately 500 ore mineral sections (ore microscopy, XRD, SEM) the following reasons for the anomalous anisotropy were revealed:
(1) The mineral donathite (discredited) is a spinel of the chromite-magnetite (ferrite) ss-series which exhibits tiny exsolution lamellae. Because the lamellae are sub-micron sized, because they are parallel to each other, and because they have two different sets of optical constants (one relating to magnetite, the other one to chromite), they show the effect of form birefringence. Etched samples reveal the sub-micron sized lamellae with a SEM.
(2) A similar phenomenon is found in extremely fine-zoned magnetites of skarn deposits. The parallel zones of sub-micron thickness and changing composition lead also to the phenomenon of form birefringence. Etching of the polished samples with HCl makes the fine zones also visible in the SEM.
(3) A careful examination of hundreds of pyrite, spinel, and cuprite sections which had been polished with diamond pastes, showed that they were optically anisotropic without exception. (The very strong anisotropy in cuprite had been used over decades as a determinative feature!) An investigation of the polished surfaces with the electron channeling pattern (ECP) technique on a SEM proved that the upper, polished surface layers were destroyed. The application of alkaline silica solutions in the final polishing process (a chemo-mechanical method) lead to optically isotropic sections and to undistorted surface layers in the ECPs. Examination of differently oriented polished sections revealed that the surface deformation by mechanical (diamond) polishing methods is related to the surface symmetry of the sections.
Related papers
Libowitzky E (1991) Donathite: An intergrowth of magnetite and chromite, causing form birefringence. N Jb Miner Mh 10, 449-456
Libowitzky E (1993) Ursachen optischer Anisotropieeffekte in kubischen Erzmineralen. Berichte der DMG 1, 1993 (Add Vol Eur J Mineral 5), M-P-10,79, 246, abstract
Libowitzky E (1994) Anisotropic pyrite: A polishing effect. Phys Chem Minerals, 21, 97 - 103
Libowitzky E (1994) Optical anisotropy of cuprite caused by polishing. Can Mineral, 32, 353 - 358
Libowitzky E (1994) Optical anisotropy in the spinel group: A polishing effect. Eur J Mineral, 6, 187 -194
Libowitzky E (1994) Optical anisotropy of zoned magnetites due to form birefringence. Mineral Petrol, 52, 107 - 111
Burns PC, Hawthorne FC, Libowitzky E, Bordes N, Ewing RC (1997) Donathite discredited: A mixture of two spinels. N Jb Mineral Mh, 1997, 163-174
Libowitzky E (2001) The pseudo-biabsorption of trigonal rock-forming carbonates. N Jb Miner Mh, 2001, 67 - 79
HYDROUS SPECIES IN MINERALS
Hydrogen, as a major or trace constituent of minerals, has considerable influence on the physical properties of rocks and minerals (deformation behavior, rheology, conductivity). Hydrogen occurs usually in the form of OH groups or water molecules in minerals. If H containing minerals are stable to high temperatures and pressures, they may provide an important source of hydrogen in the Earth's interior. Hence, trace amounts of water in minerals like olivine, perovskite, pyroxenes, and garnets, as well as the behavior of the stoichiometric OH and water groups in the high-pressure mineral lawsonite are of interest. In addition, the features of hydrous species in oxide and silicate structures is important for technically applied materials like the microporous zeolites, precursors of ceramics, and proton conductors.
IR spectroscopy provides one of the most sensitive methods in determining hydrogen in minerals. Using polarized radiation and oriented crystal sections the orientation of O-H vectors in the structure can be determined, and even quantitative information can be obtained by accurate measurements and calibration procedures. Additional information on the behavior of OH and water molecules (if present in larger amounts) can be gained from other spectroscopic techniques (e.g. proton-NMR) and from X-ray and neutron diffraction.
(1) FTIR investigations of pure Mg-olivine (forsterite) revealed that trace amounts of hydrogen are incorporated in the form of OH defects which are related to Si vacancies. The polarized IR spectra show several sharp bands between 3500 and 3700 cm-1 which indicate different OH vector directions (predominantly II x) and additional trace elements in the coordination sphere of the OH groups.
(2) A similar mechanism was observed in CaTiO3 perovskite. The FTIR spectrum shows only two bands in the OH stretching region (around 3300 cm-1) which are indicative for OH incorporation in connection with a vacant Ca site. The stretching frequencies are in good agreement with a distorted environment around the vacancy. The type of OH defect is very similar to that of high-pressure MgSiO3 perovskite.
(3) Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of lawsonite, CaAl2[Si2O7](OH)2.H 2O, revealed low-temperature phase transitions from space group Cmcm (at room-temperature) to Pmcn (between 273 and 150 K), and finally P21cn (below 150 K). The transitions are characterized by the apparent rotation of both hydroxide and water groups, thus lowering the symmetry in two steps. The apparent rotations are accompanied by the formation of a cooperative H bond system.
The phase transitions were monitored by distinct X-ray reflections. They cause also nonlinearities in lattice parameters and optical constants.
An FTIR spectroscopic investigation of oriented lawsonite slabs resulted in a good correlation between band positions, H bond lengths, and OH vector directions at low temperatures. However, the smooth change of the spectra, the strong shift of absorption bands, and the unstable position of the water molecule between two proton acceptors, indicate rather a dynamic order-disorder transition than a displacive phase transition. These results are also confirmed by preliminary proton NMR and neutron diffraction studies.
The lawsonite-type mineral hennomartinite shows similar phase transitions at elevated temperatures. However, multiple disorder and twinning, as well as a monoclinic distortion at room-temperature (after a tempering process) draw a more complicated picture.
The room-temperature structure of lawsonite - The arrow indicates the hopping motion (dynamic disorder) of the water molecule
(4) Knowledge about lawsonite and about features of dynamic proton order-disorder and related phase transitions led also to the discovery of proton disorder and a phase transition at 98 K in hemimorphite, Zn4[Si2O7](OH)2 · H2O. IR bands showed also a smooth development and strong band shifts with changing temperature. In addition, more bands than expected were observed in the polarized spectra. In a neutron study, the hydroxide proton revealed smeared anisotropic displacement parameters, and the environment of this H atom showed also two possible proton acceptors. A Time-of-Flight neutron single-crystal diffraction study at low temperatures revealed that the low-temperature phase is characterized by a superstructure with doubled b and c lattice parameters. Thus, freezing of the dynamically disordered H atoms leads to an ordered H atom arrangement along the ordered structural channels in hemimorphite. The ordered proton positions are in agreement with the obtained IR spectra.
The water molecule and hydroxide groups in the channel of the hemimorphite structure
(5) Polarized IR spectroscopic investigations of single-crystals of MeOOH (Me = Al, Fe, Mn) minerals showed similar spectra of all substances, the O-H stretching energies, however, are different and in good agreement with the respective hydrogen bond lengths. In addition, the in-plane and out-of-plane bending modes were observed. Peculiar absorption features in the spectra between the stretching mode and the bending modes were assigned to the anharmonicity-resonance enhanced overtones of the bending modes. Increasing anharmonicity leads to increased intensity of the mentioned band(s) and is related with decreasing hydrogen bond lengths.
Structures of MnOOH: Manganite and groutite
(6) Polarized infrared (IR) absorption spectra of oriented single-crystal slabs of mozartite CaMn3+O[SiO3(OH)], pectolite NaCa2[Si3O8(OH)], serandite NaMn2[Si3O8(OH)], and members of the natrochalcite series (Na1-xKx)Cu2(H3O 2)[SO4]2 (x = 0, 0.5, 1), which contain very strong hydrogen bonds due to very short O···O distances (2.44 - 2.50 Å), show broad absorption bands parallel to the respective O-H vector directions in the structures. These bands which start below 3500 cm-1 show their approximate maxima between 1000 to 1500 cm-1, which is in agreement with literature data on very strong H bonds. They interfere with sharp absorption bands of silicate and sulfate vibrations, and typically show "transmission windows" which are well known from spectra of organic materials with comparably short H bonds.
Figure of the broad OH absorption band in the IR spectrum of serandite
(7) IR spectroscopy is a useful tool also for the quantitative characterization of hydrous species in minerals. If proper experimental conditions are followed (polarized spectra of oriented or orthogonal crystal sections in cases of anisotropic crystals; knowledge about polarizer extinction ratios), the Beer-Lambert law (A = ·c ·t), which relates absorbance (A), concentration (c), and thickness (t) by the molar absorption coefficient (), may be used for the determination of water in geological materials. The molar absorption coefficient, however, can only be determined by calibration on standard materials with known water concentration. Experiments with different stoichiometric mineral hydrates and hydroxides confirmed that only the integrated absorbance Ai (band area) can be used among different materials. Further, a direct correlation between absorbance and water concentration fails, because the absorption coefficient is strongly dependent on hydrogen bond strengths. Hence, the resulting calibration line is expressed in relation to band energies () by: i [cm-2 per mol H2O / L] = 246.6 · (3753 - [cm-1]), regression coefficient r2 0.98.
Figure of the IR calibration line based on stoichiometric mineral hydrates and hydroxides
(8) The frequency of an O-H stretching vibration is a valuable measure for the strength of a hydrogen bond. It is correlated to H bond lengths, i.e. O-H, O···O and H···O distances: The high-energy end is represented by very weak H bonds with d(O···O) 3.0 Å and at 3500 - 3700 cm-1, the low-energy end is found at very strong H bonds with d(O···O) even below 2.5 Å and bands at 700 - 1500 cm-1. Whereas previous d - correlation diagrams were limited either by insufficient number of data or by restricted data range, a recent d - correlation in minerals uses 125 d(O···O)- and 47 d(H···O)-data pairs from silicates, oxi-hydroxides, sulphates, etc. containing OH, H2O or H3O2 units with wavenumbers between 1000 and 3700 cm-1. A correlation function is established in the form = 3592 - 304·109 · exp(-d(O···O) / 0.1321), R2 = 0.96. Scatter of data is mainly caused by deviation from straight H bonds (avoided if d(H···O) data are used) and cationic effects.
Figure of the correlation of O-H stretching frequency and d(O···O) in minerals
Related papers
Armbruster T, Libowitzky E, Diamond L, Auernhammer M, Bauerhansl P, Hoffmann C, Irran E, Kurka A, Rosenstingl H (1994) Crystal chemistry and optics of bazzite from Furkabasistunnel (Switzerland). Mineral Petrol, 52, 113 - 126
Libowitzky E, Beran A (1994) OH-Defekte in Forsterit. Mitt Österr Miner Ges, 139, 331 - 333. Abstract.
Libowitzky E, Beran A (1995) OH-defects in forsterite. Phys Chem Minerals, 22, 387 - 392
Libowitzky E, Armbruster T (1995) Low-temperature phase transitions and the role of hydrogen bonds in lawsonite. Am Mineral, 80, 1277 - 1285
Libowitzky E, Armbruster A (1996) Lawsonite-type phase transitions in hennomartinite, SrMn2[Si2O7](OH)2·H 2O. Am Mineral, 81, 9 - 18
Beran A, Libowitzky E, Armbruster T (1996) A single-crystal infrared spectroscopic and X-ray investigation of an untwinned San Benito perovskite. Can Mineral, 34, 803 - 809
Libowitzky E, Rossman GR (1996) Principles of quantitative absorbance measurements in anisotropic crystals. Phys Chem Minerals, 23, 319 - 327
Libowitzky E, Rossman GR (1996) FTIR spectroscopy of lawsonite between 82 and 325 K. Am Mineral, 81, 1080 - 1091
Kozlova SG, Gabuda SP, Armbruster T, Libowitzky E (1996) Hydrogen atom localization in lawsonite using single-crystal PMR data. IUCR-1996 abstract
Libowitzky, E (1996) Order-disorder phase transitions in lawsonite and hemimorphite. Mitt ÖMG, 141, 132 - 133, abstract
Libowitzky, E (1996) Single-crystal IR spectroscopy of MeO(OH) minerals (Me = Al, Fe, Mn). Mitt ÖMG, 141, 134 - 135, abstract
Libowitzky E (1996) Proton disorder, phase transitions, and IR spectroscopy in minerals. EMSM, Kiev, abstract
Beran A, Libowitzky E (1996) OH-groups in natural perovskite - An IR spectroscopic study. Phase Transitions, 58, 211 - 215
Nyfeler D, Hoffmann C, Armbruster T, Kunz M, Libowitzky E (1996) Orthorhombic Jahn-Teller distortion and Si-OH in mozartite CaMn3+O[SiO3OH], due to topological stress: A structure modeling, single-crystal X-ray, and FTIR study. Mitt ÖMG, 141, 168 - 169, abstract
Libowitzky E (1997) Wasserstoff-Unordnung und Phasenumwandlungen in Lawsonit und Hemimorphit. Habilitationsschrift, Universität Wien
Libowitzky E, Rossman GR (1997) IR spectroscopy of hemimorphite between 82 and 373 K and optical evidence for a low-temperature phase transition. Eur J Mineral, 9, 793-802
Libowitzky E, Kohler T, Armbruster T, Rossman GR (1997) Proton disorder in dehydrated hemimorphite - IR spectroscopy and X-ray structure refinement at low and ambient temperatures. Eur J Mineral, 9, 803-810
Kohler T, Armbruster T, Libowitzky E (1997) Hydrogen bonding and Jahn-Teller distortion in groutite, α-MnOOH, and manganite, γ-MnOOH, and their relations to ramsdellite, α-MnO2, and pyrolusite, β-MnO2. J Solid State Chem, 133, 486-501
Libowitzky E, Rossman GR (1997) Infrared spectroscopy: A quantitative approach to water in minerals. Ber DMG - Beih Eur J Mineral, 9, 222, abstract
Libowitzky E, Armbruster T, Beran A, Giester G, Hammer VMF, Hoffmann C, Kunz M, Nyfeler D, Rossman, GR (1997) Infrared spectroscopy of very strong hydrogen bonds in minerals. Ber DMG - Beih Eur J Mineral, 9, 221, abstract
Nyfeler D, Hoffmann C, Armbruster T, Kunz M, Libowitzky E (1997) Orthorhombic Jahn-Teller distortion and Si-OH in mozartite CaMn3+O[SiO3OH]: A single-crystal X-ray, FTIR, and structure modeling study. Am Mineral, 82, 841-848
Libowitzky E, Rossman GR (1997) An IR absorption calibration for water in minerals. Am Mineral, 82, 1111-1115
Libowitzky E, Beran A (1997) Hydrogen and hydrogen bonds in minerals. XIIth Conference "Horizons in Hydrogen Bond Research". Abstract
Beran A, Giester G, Libowitzky E (1997) The hydrogen bond system in natrochalcite-type compounds - An FTIR spectroscopic study of the H3O2− unit. Mineral Petrol, 61, 223-235
Hammer VMF, Libowitzky E, Rossman GR (1998) Single-crystal IR spectroscopy of very strong hydrogen bonds in pectolite, NaCa2[Si3O8(OH)], and serandite, NaMn2[Si3O8(OH)]. Am Mineral, 83, 569-576
Libowitzky E, Schultz AJ, Young DM (1998) The low-temperature structure and phase transition of hemimorphite, Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O. Z Krist, 213, 659-668
Libowitzky E (1998) Wasserstoff und Wasserstoffbrücken in Mineralen. Mitt ÖMG, 143, 41 - 53
Armbruster T, Birrer J, Libowitzky E, Beran A (1998) Crystal chemistry of Ti-bearing andradites. Eur J Mineral, 10, 907 - 921
Libowitzky E (1998) OD-Charakter der Hemimorphitstruktur bei 20 K: Strukturuntersuchung mit TOF-Neutronen. Mitt ÖMG, 143, 332 - 333, abstract
Lager GA, Libowitzky E, Schultz AJ (1998) Neutron diffraction study of the low-temperature phase transitions in lawsonite. IMA98, A99, abstract
Libowitzky E (1999) Correlation of O-H stretching frequencies and O-H···O hydrogen bond lengths in minerals. Mh Chemie, 130, 1047 - 1059
Beran A, Libowitzky E (1999) IR spectroscopy and hydrogen bonding in minerals. In: Wright K, Catlow R (eds) (1999) Microscopic properties and processes in minerals. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands , 493 - 508
Libowitzky E (1999) Comparison of hydrogen bond distance - frequency correlations in solids. Ber. DMG - Beih Eur J Mineral, 11, abstract, in press
Hertweck B, Libowitzky E, Giester G (1999) Phase transitions in leonite-type compounds. Ber. DMG - Beih Eur J Mineral, 11, 104. Abstract
Sondergeld P, Schranz W, Kityk AV, Carpenter MA, Libowitzky E (2000) Ordering behaviour of the mineral lawsonite. Phase Transitions, Part B, 71, 189 - 203
Sondergeld P, Schranz W, Tröster A, Carpenter MA, Libowitzky E, Kitijk AV (2000) Optical, elastic, and dielectric studies of the phase transitions in lawsonite. Phys Rev B, 62, 6143 - 6147
Libowitzky E (2000) Phase transitions in minerals: Correlation of spectroscopic and diffraction data. 19th Eur Cryst Meeting Astracts, 137. Abstract
Libowitzky E, Giester G (2000) The crystal structure of soda at 110 K and 270 K. 19th Eur Cryst Meeting Astracts, 341. Abstract
Hertweck B, Armbruster T, Libowitzky E (2000) A single-crystal study of the low-temperature phase transitions in leonite-type compounds. 19 th Eur Cryst Meeting Astracts, 362. Abstract
Armbruster T, Kohler T, Libowitzky E, Friedrich A, Miletich R, Kunz M, Medenbach O, Gutzmer J (2001) Structure, compressibility, hydrogen bonding, and dehydration of the tetragonal Mn 3+ hydrogarnet, henritermierite. Am Mineral, 86, 147 - 158
Hertweck B, Libowitzky E (2001) IR and Raman spectroscopy of the phase transitions in leonite-type compounds. Bull Liaison SFMC, 13, 80. Abstract
Hertweck B, Libowitzky E, Schultz AJ (2001) Neutron diffraction study of the low-temperature phase transitions of Mn-leonite. Mitt Österr Miner Ges, 146, 109 - 110. Abstract
Hertweck B, Libowitzky E, Giester G (2001) The crystal structures of the low-temperature phases of leonite-type compounds, K2Me(SO4)2×4H2O (Me2+ = Mg, Mn, Fe). Am Mineral, 86, 1282 - 1292
Nasdala L, Beran A, Libowitzky E, Wolf D (2001) The incorporation of hydroxyl groups and molecular water in natural zircon (ZrSiO4), Am J Sci, 301, 831 - 857
Szalay V, Kovács L, Wöhlecke M, Libowitzky E (2002) Stretching potential and equilibrium length of the OH bond in solids. Chem Phys Lett, 354, 56 - 61
Hertweck B, Armbruster T, Libowitzky E (2002) Multiple phase transitions of leonite-type compounds: optical, calorimetric, and X-ray data. Mineral Petrol, 75, 245 - 259
Libowitzky E(2002) Hydrogen bonding in minerals and inorganic materials. SGK/SSCr Newsletter, 56 and 57, 7. Abstract
Hertweck B, Libowitzky E (2002) Vibrational spectroscopy of phase transitions in leonite-type minerals. Eur J Mineral, 14, 1009 - 1017
Beran A, Libowitzky E (2003) IR spectroscopic characterization of OH defects in mineral phases. Phase Trans, 76, 1 - 15
Halmer MM, Libowitzky E, Beran A (2003) IR spectroscopic determination of OH defects in spinel group minerals. Geophys Res Abstr, 5, 06742. Abstract
Libowitzky E , Giester G (2003) Washing soda (natron), Na2CO3×10H2O, revised: Crystal structures at low and ambient temperatures. Mineral Petrol, 77, 177 - 195
Giester G, Libowitzky E (2003) Crystal structures and Raman spectra of Cu(OH)F and Cu3(OH)2F4. Z Kristallogr, 218, 351 - 356
Libowitzky E (2003) Hydrogen and hydrogen bonds in minerals. Book of Abstracts, 46, LERM 2003, Nove Mesto (CZ). Abstract
Halmer MM, Beran A, Libowitzky E (2003) Detecting OH defects in iron-bearing ( IVFe2+) spinel phases by IR spectroscopy. Book of Abstracts, 27, LERM 2003, Nove Mesto (CZ). Abstract
Hertweck B, Libowitzky E, Schultz AJ(2003) The hydrogen bond system of Mn-leonite: neutron diffraction results in comparison with IR spectroscopic data. Z Kristallogr, 218, 403 - 412
Halmer MM, Libowitzky E, Beran A (2003) IR spektroskopische Untersuchungen von OH-Defekten in eisenhaltigen ( IVFe2+) Spinellphasen. Mitt Österr Miner Ges, 148, 156. Abstract
Libowitzky E, Beran A (2004) IR spectroscopic characterisation of hydrous species in minerals. In: Beran A, Libowitzky E (eds) (2004) "Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy", EMU Notes in Mineralogy 6, 227 - 279
Beran A, Libowitzky E (eds) (2004) "Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy", EMU Notes in Mineralogy 6, 661 pp
Mihajlovic T, Libowitzky E, Effenberger H (2004) Synthesis, crystal structure, infrared and Raman spectra of Sr 5(As 2O 7) 2(AsO 3OH). Mitt Österr Miner Ges 149, 67. Abstract
Bellatreccia F, Della Ventura G, Libowitzky E, Beran A, Ottolini L (2004) A calibration curve for the OH content in vesuvianite: a polarized single-crystal FTIR study. Mitt Österr Miner Ges 149, 14. Abstract
Bellatreccia F, Della Ventura G, Libowitzky E, Beran A (2004) The quantitative determination of B and H in vesuvianite: an FTIR spectroscopic study. 32 nd Int Geol Congress, Florence , G04.02. Abstract
Mihajlovic T, Libowitzky E, Effenberger H (2004) Synthesis, crystal structure, infrared and Raman spectra of Sr 5(As 2O 7) 2(AsO 3OH). J Solid State Chem, in press
Bellatreccia F, Della Ventura G, Ottolini L, Libowitzky E, Beran A (2004) The quantitative analysis of OH in vesuvianite: a polarized FTIR and SIMS study. Phys Chem Minerals, submitted
Publications Eugen Libowitzky
2025
Crosta, A. P., Silva, G. G., Ferrière, L., Nonnotte, P., Libowitzky, E., & Jourdan, F. (2025). Geraisite: The first tektite occurrence in Brazil. Geology, 54(2), 163–167. https://doi.org/10.1130/G53805.1
Pluthametwisute, T., Nasdala, L., Chanmuang N., C., Wildner, M., Libowitzky, E., Giester, G., Zoysa, E. G., Jakkawanvibul, C., Suwanmanee, W., Sripoonjan, T., Tengchaisri, T., Wanthanachaisaeng, B., & Sutthirat, C. (2025). Luminescence as an indicator of heat treatment in geuda sapphire. 231-235. GIT 2025 The 8th International Gem and Jewelry Conference, Bangkok, Thailand.
Pluthametwisute, T., Nasdala, L., Chanmuang N., C., Wildner, M., Libowitzky, E., Giester, G., Zoysa, E. G., Jakkawanvibul, C., Suwanmanee, W., Sripoonjan, T., Tengchaisri, T., Wanthanchaisaeng, B., & Sutthirat, C. (2025). Luminescence and a new approach for detecting heat treatment of geuda sapphire. Solid earth, 16(2025), 81-96. https://doi.org/10.5194/se-16-81-2025
Ertl, A., Libowitzky, E., Giester, G., & Prayer, A. (2025). Erstes Vorkommen von Mesolith in einem Diorit der Böhmischen Masse. Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft, 171(2025), 155-161. https://www.uibk.ac.at/media/filer_public/eb/a5/eba53586-a81f-419f-a0b5-706294b139fa/5_mesolith.pdf
Walter, F., Arthofer, P., Auer, C., Bernhard, F., Bojar, H.-P., Eck, H., Ertl, A., Giester, G., Grasmück, G., Kapeller, A., Kolitsch, U., Leitner, T., Libowitzky, E., Mörtl, J., Postl, W., Schachinger, T., Schreieck, E., & Wildner, M. (2025). Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXXIV. Carinthia II, 215(135), 285-358.
Ertl, A., Wildner, M., Libowitzky, E., & Giester, G. (2025). Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXXIV: Chalkanthit-Ausblühungen an einer Kupfervererzung vom Seekar, Obertauern, Radstädter Tauern, Salzburg. Carinthia II, 215(135), 299-300.
Lammer, N., Libowitzky, E., & Đorđević, T. (2025). The mineralogy and weathering of thallium-rich waste dumps of Crven Dol locality, Allchar deposit. Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft, 171(2025), 105.
2024
Kohn, V., Alifirova, T., Daneu, N., Griffiths, T., Libowitzky, E., Linner, M., Ertl, A., Abart, R., & Habler, G. (2024). Directed growth of a sector-zoned garnet in a pegmatoid from the Bohemian Massif, Austria. Lithos, 466-467, Article 107461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2023.107461
Pluthametwisute, T., Nasdala, L., Chanmuang N., C., Libowitzky, E., Giester, G., Jakkawanvibul, C., Suwanmanee, W., Sripoonjan, T., Tengchaisri, T., Wanthanachaisaeng, B., & Sutthirat, C. (2024). A new approach for detecting heat treatment of sapphire. In IGC 2024: The 37th International Geological Congress, Abstract Book, Busan, Korea, 25-31 August 2024 (pp. 2421-2422).
2023
Joachim-Mrosko, B., Konzett, J., Ludwig, T., Griffiths, T., Habler, G., Libowitzky, E., & Stalder, R. (2023). Al and H incorporation and Al-diffusion in natural rutile and its high-pressure polymorph TiO2 (II). In V. V. Schijndel, K. Cutts, I. Pereira, M. Guitreau, S. Volante, & M. Tedeschi (Eds.), Minor Minerals, Major Implications: Using Key Mineral Phases to Unravel the Formation and Evolution of Earth's Crust (pp. 123-147). The Geological Society of London. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6829367.v1
Zwicker, J., Smrzka, D., Gothieu, M., Libowitzky, E., Joachimski, M., Böttcher, M., & Peckmann, J. (2023). Chemotrophy-based phosphatic microstromatolites from the Mississippian at Drewer, Rhenish Massif, Germany. Geological Magazine, 160(8), 1446-1462. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756823000493
Giester, G., Armbruster, T., Balic-Zunic, T., Beran, A., Effenberger, H. S., Fischer, R. X., Friese, K., Libowitzky, E., Wildner, M., & Nasdala, L. (2023). On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of Josef Zemann’s birthday: A tribute to his scientific oeuvre. Mineralogy and Petrology, 117(2), 113-116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-023-00834-1
Rieck, B., Liebhart, I., Giester, G., Libowitzky, E., Chanmuang N., C., & Kolitsch, U. (2023). Tzeferisite CaZn8(SO4)2(OH)12Cl2(H2O)9. European Journal of Mineralogy, 35(1), 76. Article IMA 2022-094. https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-75-2023
Libowitzky, E. (2023). Schwingungsspektroskopische Untersuchungen an archäologischen Keramikfunden aus Wien. In K. Fischer Ausserer (Ed.), Ein Wohn-, Handwerks- und Verkaufsbereich in der römischen Zivilsiedlung von Vindobona. Die oxidierend gebrannte Gebrauchskeramik der Ausgrabungen in Wien 3, Rennweg 44 (Vol. 13, pp. 316-318). Stadtarchäologie Wien.
2022
Eder, F., Weil, M., Missen, O. P., Kolitsch, U., & Libowitzky, E. (2022). The Family of MII3(TeIVO3)2(OH)2 (M = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni) Compounds—Prone to Inclusion of Foreign Components into Large Hexagonal Channels. Crystals - Open Access Crystallography Journal, 12(10), Article 1380. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12101380
Gomes Ribeiro Teixeira Pinto, M., Zhao, Z., Klun, K., Libowitzky, E., & Herndl, G. (2022). Microbial Consortiums of Putative Degraders of Low-Density Polyethylene-Associated Compounds in the Ocean. Environmental Microbiology, 7(2), Article e01415-21. https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.01415-21
Missen, O. P., Mills, S. J., Canossa, S., Hadermann, J., Nénert, G., Weil, M., Libowitzky, E., Housley, R. M., Artner, W., Kampf, A. R., Rumsey, M. S., Spratt, J., Momma, K., & Dunstan, M. A. (2022). Polytypism in mcalpineite: a study of natural and synthetic Cu3TeO6. Acta Crystallographica. Section B: Structural science, crystal engineering and materials, 78, 20-32. https://doi.org/10.1107/S2052520621013032
Ferrière, L., Crosta, A. P., Wegner, W., Libowitzky, E., Iwashita, F., & Köberl, C. (2022). How to Distinguish Different Types of Natural Glasses: The Origin of Cali Glass (Colombia) Revisited. 1953. 53rd Lunar and Planetary Science ConferenceLunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston, Texas, United States. https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2022/pdf/1953.pdf
2021
Ferrière, L., Crósta, A. P., Wegner, W., Libowitzky, E., Iwashita, F., & Köberl, C. (2021). Distinguishing volcanic from impact glasses—The case of the Cali glass (Colombia). Geology, 49(12), 1421–1425. https://doi.org/10.1130/G48925.1
Zwicker, J., Smrzka, D., Steindl, F., Böttcher, M. E., Libowitzky, E., Kiel, S., & Peckmann, J. (2021). Mineral authigenesis within chemosynthetic microbial mats: Coated grain formation and phosphogenesis at a Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep, New Zealand. The Depositional Record, 7(2), 294-310. https://doi.org/10.1002/dep2.123